Causes of adnexal cyst on the left side of uterus

Adnexal cysts on the left side of the uterus may be caused by physiological factors, inflammatory reactions, endometriosis, ovarian tumors or hydrosalpinx. Adnexal cysts usually present with symptoms such as dull pain in the lower abdomen, abnormal menstruation, and pain during sexual intercourse. The nature of the adnexal cyst needs to be confirmed by ultrasound examination.

1. Physiological factors

Luteal cysts formed after ovulation or follicular cysts formed when the follicles have not ruptured are physiological changes that may be related to fluctuations in hormone levels. These cysts are mostly less than 5 centimeters in diameter, usually have no special symptoms, and will disappear on their own after 2-3 menstrual cycles. It is recommended to avoid strenuous exercise and conduct regular ultrasound examinations to observe changes.

2. Inflammatory response

Recurrent episodes of pelvic inflammatory disease or adnexitis may lead to abscesses in the fallopian tubes and ovaries, forming inflammatory cysts. This type of cyst is often accompanied by lower abdominal pain, fever, purulent leucorrhea, and may be related to chlamydia infection, gonococcal infection and other factors. Treatment requires the use of ceftriaxone sodium for injection, doxycycline hydrochloride tablets and other antibiotics as directed by the doctor, and laparoscopic drainage if necessary.

3. Endometriosis

Chocolate cysts formed when ectopic endometrial tissue grows in the ovary, manifesting as progressively worsening dysmenorrhea and deep sexual intercourse pain. It may be related to factors such as reflux of menstrual blood and immune abnormalities. After diagnosis, dienogest tablets, ibuprofen sustained-release capsules and other drugs can be used to control the disease. Larger cysts require laparoscopic cyst removal.

4. Ovarian tumors

Benign tumors such as serous cystadenoma and mucinous cystadenoma grow slowly and may cause abdominal distension and frequent urination.； Borderline or malignant tumors may be accompanied by ascites and weight loss. Tumor marker detection and enhanced CT are helpful in identification. Surgical resection is the main treatment method, and regular follow-up is required after surgery.

5. Hydrosalpinx

Adhesions and atresia in the distal fallopian tube cause fluid to accumulate, forming a sausage-like cyst. It may be related to previous pelvic surgery and infection history, and some patients are complicated by infertility. Laparoscopic falloplasty or resection of the fallopian tubes can improve symptoms, and it can be combined with Guizhi Fuling capsules and other Chinese patent medicines for postoperative conditioning.

After an adnexal cyst is discovered, strenuous exercise and abdominal compression should be avoided, and ultrasound should be reviewed every 3-6 months to monitor changes. If sudden abdominal pain, rapid enlargement of cysts, or elevated tumor markers occurs, timely medical treatment is required to rule out the risk of torsion or malignant transformation. Keeping the perineum clean every day and taking a reasonable diet to supplement high-quality protein and vitamins can help enhance immunity.