What are the treatments for prostatitis?

Prostatitis can be improved through lifestyle adjustments, physical therapy, drug therapy, and surgical treatment. Prostatitis may be related to bacterial infection, immune abnormalities, urinary reflux, neuromuscular dysfunction, psychological factors and other reasons. It usually presents with symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, perineal pain, sexual dysfunction, fever and other symptoms.

1. Lifestyle adjustment

Avoiding sitting for long periods of time, reducing the intake of spicy foods, and urinating regularly can help relieve symptoms. Daily warm water sitz bath for 10-15 minutes can improve local blood circulation, and moderate aerobic exercise such as walking or swimming can enhance immunity. Maintain a daily water intake of 1500-2000 ml and avoid alcohol and caffeine intake.

2. Physical therapy

Prostate massage can promote the discharge of glandular secretions and must be performed by a professional physician. Hyperthermia uses microwaves or radiofrequency to create a thermal effect that relieves muscle spasms and inflammation. Biofeedback therapy helps patients control abnormal contractions of pelvic floor muscles and is suitable for chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

3. Drug treatment

Bacterial prostatitis requires antibiotics such as levofloxacin tablets, cefixime dispersible tablets, and azithromycin capsules as directed by the doctor. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as celecoxib capsules can relieve pain, and alpha-blockers such as tamsulosin extended-release capsules can improve dysuria. Paroxetine tablets can be used short-term when accompanied by anxiety and depression.

4. Traditional Chinese Medicine conditioning

Qianlie Shutong Capsules can be used for the damp-heat type, Longgushu Capsules can be used for the qi stagnation and blood stasis type, and Yougui Pills can be used for the kidney-yang deficiency type. Acupuncture selects Guanyuan, Zhongji, Sanyinjiao and other acupoints, combined with moxibustion at Shenshu and Mingmen. Traditional Chinese medicine sitz baths use medicinal materials such as cork bark and sophora flavescens for clearing away heat and drying dampness.

5. Surgical treatment

Transurethral resection of the prostate is suitable for patients with prostatic hyperplasia, and transperineal prostate puncture and drainage is used for prostate abscesses. A very small number of patients with refractory chronic prostatitis need to consider total prostatectomy, which may affect reproductive function and ejaculation ability after surgery.

Patients with prostatitis should avoid riding or horseback riding for long periods of time and wear loose cotton underwear to keep the perineum dry. You should choose foods rich in zinc and lycopene such as pumpkin seeds and tomatoes, and maintain moderate exercise 3-5 times a week. Regularly review prostate fluid routine and urinary flow rate examination. If hematuria or high fever occurs, seek medical attention immediately. Maintain a regular sexual frequency and avoid excessive abstinence and indulgence.