What is testicular inflammation?

Testicular inflammation may be caused by bacterial infection, viral infection, trauma, retrograde spread of urinary tract infection, autoimmune reaction, etc. It can be treated with antibiotic treatment, antiviral treatment, local cold compress, bed rest, surgical drainage, etc.

1. Bacterial infection

Bacterial orchitis is mostly caused by pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus spread through the urinary tract or blood. Patients will experience testicular swelling, tenderness, and fever. Antibiotics such as ceftriaxone sodium for injection, levofloxacin tablets, and azithromycin dispersible tablets must be used as directed by your doctor. In the acute stage, strenuous exercise should be prohibited and a scrotum support belt should be used to reduce the feeling of swelling.

2. Viral infection

Mumps virus is a common pathogen of orchitis in children, which presents with testicular pain 1-2 weeks before a history of parotid gland enlargement. Coxsackievirus may be detected in adults. Ribavirin granules can be used to fight the virus, and ibuprofen sustained-release capsules can be used for analgesia. Methylcobalamin tablets are needed to nourish nerves when complications such as testicular atrophy occur.

3. Traumatic factors

Testicular impact or straddling injury can cause local blood vessels to rupture, and secondary infection of the hematoma can cause inflammation. Ice compresses should be used within 24 hours after the injury to reduce swelling, and heat compresses should be used after 48 hours to promote absorption. If a large hematoma forms, incision and drainage may be required, and Yunnan Baiyao Capsules can be used to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis.

4. Spread of urinary tract infection

In patients with prostatitis or urethritis, pathogens may retrogradely infect the testicles through the vas deferens. In addition to testicular swelling and pain, it is often accompanied by symptoms of frequent urination and urgency. Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules need to be used to improve urination, and Sanjin Tablets should be used to clear away heat and treat stranguria. During the treatment period, the daily water intake should be maintained at more than 2000 ml.

5. Autoimmune reaction

A small number of cases of orchitis are associated with the immune system mistakenly attacking testicular tissue, manifesting as recurring testicular pain. Diagnosis requires anti-sperm antibody testing, and prednisone acetate tablets can be used to suppress the immune response. Such patients should avoid prolonged soaking in hot springs and other high-temperature environments.

You should choose breathable cotton underwear every day to avoid local moisture, and pay attention to cleanliness before and after sex. In the acute stage, the diet should be light and the intake of spicy foods should be limited. If there is persistent high fever, severe pain in the testicles, or redness and ulceration of the skin, you must seek medical attention immediately to rule out emergencies such as testicular torsion. During the recovery period, zinc-containing foods such as pumpkin seeds and oysters can be consumed appropriately to promote tissue repair.