What are the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome may be caused by genetic factors, endocrine disorders, insulin resistance, obesity, environmental factors and other reasons. Polycystic ovary syndrome usually presents with symptoms such as irregular menstruation, hirsutism, acne, and infertility.

1. Genetic factors

Polycystic ovary syndrome runs in families, and if your mother or sister has polycystic ovary syndrome, your risk of developing the disease may increase. Genetic factors may cause the ovaries to respond abnormally to gonadotropins, affecting follicle development and ovulation. Treatment needs to be tailored to individual circumstances, including lifestyle adjustments and medication. Commonly used drugs include ethinyl estradiol cyproterone tablets, letrozole tablets, clomiphene citrate capsules, etc.

2. Endocrine disorders

Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis will lead to elevated levels of luteinizing hormone and relatively insufficient levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, affecting follicle maturation and ovulation. Hyperandrogenism is a core feature of polycystic ovary syndrome and may cause symptoms such as hirsutism and acne. Treatment requires adjusting hormone levels. Commonly used drugs include dydrogesterone tablets, spironolactone tablets, cyproterone acetate tablets, etc.

3. Insulin resistance

Insulin resistance may lead to hyperinsulinemia, which stimulates the ovaries to secrete excess androgens and inhibits follicular development. Insulin resistance and obesity interact to worsen polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms. Improving insulin sensitivity is the key. You can use metformin extended-release tablets, pioglitazone tablets and other drugs as directed by your doctor. At the same time, you need to control your weight.

4. Obesity

Excess adipose tissue promotes the conversion of androgens into estrogens, disrupting hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function. Obesity can also aggravate insulin resistance, forming a vicious cycle. Weight loss can significantly improve symptoms, and it is recommended to control weight within a normal range through reasonable diet and regular exercise. If necessary, you can use Orlistat capsules as directed by your doctor to assist in weight loss.

5. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A may disrupt hormone balance. Bad living habits such as staying up late and excessive stress may also induce or aggravate polycystic ovary syndrome. Reducing the use of plastic products, avoiding staying up late, and maintaining a good attitude can help prevent and improve symptoms. Psychological counseling can be provided when necessary.

Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome should pay attention to maintaining a regular schedule and avoid staying up late. In your diet, choose foods with a low glycemic index, control your intake of refined carbohydrates, and increase high-quality protein and dietary fiber in an appropriate amount. Insist on moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, swimming and other aerobic exercise, for at least 150 minutes a week. Regularly monitor weight, blood sugar and hormone levels, and follow doctor's instructions for standardized treatment. Maintain a good attitude and seek psychological support when necessary.