How to detect polycystic ovaries

Polycystic ovaries are generally diagnosed through gynecological examination, ultrasound, hormone level testing and other methods. The diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome mainly include oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian changes.

1. Gynecological examination

The doctor will use palpation to understand the size and shape of the uterus and ovaries, and observe whether there are signs of hyperandrogen such as hirsutism and acne. Gynecological examination can initially determine whether there are abnormalities such as ovarian enlargement, but it cannot confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome.

2. Ultrasound examination

Transvaginal ultrasound is an important method for diagnosing polycystic ovaries. It can be seen that the ovarian volume increases and the number of follicles with a diameter of 2-9 mm in one or both ovaries exceeds 12. Ultrasound examination can also rule out other ovarian diseases, such as ovarian tumors.

3. Hormone level testing

It is necessary to draw blood on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation to check six sex hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, etc. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome usually present with an increased ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone and elevated testosterone levels.

4. Glucose metabolism examination

Including fasting blood glucose, insulin, glucose tolerance test, etc. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome are often accompanied by insulin resistance, manifested by elevated fasting insulin levels and abnormal glucose tolerance tests.

5. Other inspections

Some patients need to undergo thyroid function, adrenal function and other tests to rule out thyroid dysfunction, Cushing's syndrome and other diseases. If necessary, a laparoscopy may be performed to directly observe the condition of the ovaries.

The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome requires a comprehensive judgment based on clinical manifestations and examination results. In daily life, you should maintain a regular schedule, control your weight, exercise appropriately, and avoid high-sugar and high-fat diets. It is recommended to review regularly, monitor changes in condition, and carry out standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor. If symptoms such as menstrual disorders or infertility occur, you should seek medical examination in time.